ANALISIS PETROGRAFI DAN X-RAY DIFFRACTION UNTUK DETEKSI KALSIT NON DESTRUKTIF DARI FOSIL KARANG PORITES ENDAPAN TERUMBU KUARTER KENDARI, SULAWESI TENGGARA

Bagus Dinda Erlangga; Dedi Mulyadi; Sri Yudawati Cahyarini

doi:10.14203/risetgeotam2016.v26.263

ANALISIS PETROGRAFI DAN X-RAY DIFFRACTION UNTUK DETEKSI KALSIT NON DESTRUKTIF DARI FOSIL KARANG PORITES ENDAPAN TERUMBU KUARTER KENDARI, SULAWESI TENGGARA

Bagus Dinda Erlangga, Dedi Mulyadi, Sri Yudawati Cahyarini

Abstract

Komposisi utama karang adalah berupa mineral aragonit. Adanya mineral kalsit didalam karang merupakan hasil ubahan (diagenesa) dari mineral aragonit. Diagenesa merupakan proses perubahan nilai kandungan unsur kimia yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan dan iklim. Dengan mengetahui diagenesa skeleton karang diharapkan dapat merekontruksi iklim masa lalu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui sejauh mana diagenesa yang terjadi pada sampel karang yang diindikasikan dengan persentasi kandungan mineral kalsit. Kandungan kalsit sebagai material diagenesis lebih dari 1% mampu mempengaruhi parameter iklim hasil rekonstruksi data kimia karang. Contoh fosil karang Porites dari endapan karbonat di wilayah Kendari Sulawesi Tenggara yaitu BG2, BG3-B1, dan BG3-C digunakan dalam studi ini. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pada ketiga sampel karang Porites terjadi diagenesa dari aragonit menjadi kalsit (calcitization) baik secara petrografi yang terlihat pada adanya struktur semen kalsit dan secara difraksi XRD diketahui dari adanya perubahan yang terjadi sebesar 0,5 - 2,9%. Contoh fosil BG3-C merupakan yang paling tinggi persentase perubahan aragonit menjadi kalsitnya, yaitu 2,9% dibandingkan dengan dua contoh lainnya (0,5%). Hasil penelitian dari contoh karang ini dapat digunakan sebagai data pendukung untuk studi rekonstruksi iklim ataupun lingkungan dengan menggunakan data proxy geokimia dalam karang.

Coral skeleton are mainly consist of aragonite mineral. Calcite mineral content in coral skeleton indicates the alteration of aragonite mineral through diagenetic process. The diagenetic materials (e.g. calcite, secondary aragonite) may influence the climate parameter reconstruction based on coral geochemical proxy. This research aimed to determine the diagenetic material (i.e. calcite amount) content in the fossil Porites coral samples. Porites samples BG2, BG3 B1 and BG3-C from Kendari carbonate terrace were used in this study. XRD analysis and petrographic analysis were used to analyze the amount of calcite mineral. The results show that three samples of Porites corals perform the structure of calcite cement (i.e. based on petrographic analysis) and calcite mineral content range from 0.5% to 2.9% (based on XRD analysis). Porites fossil sample BG3-C has the highest content of calcite mineral (2.9%) and the other two samples (BG2, Bg3-B1) have 0.5% calcite mineral content. The results of this study support further study of climate reconstruction using coral geochemical proxy.

Keywords

porites coral, diagenetic, petrographic, X-ray diffraction

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/risetgeotam2016.v26.263